The Iran Gas Trunkline (IGAT) is a series of large diameter pipelines constructed from gas refineries in the south of Iran (

Khuzestan Khuzestan Province (also spelled Xuzestan; fa, استان خوزستان ''Ostān-e Xūzestān'') is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. It is in the southwest of the country, bordering Iraq and the Persian Gulf. Its capital is Ahvaz and it covers ...

and

Bushehr Bushehr, Booshehr or Bushire ( fa, بوشهر ; also romanised as ''Būshehr'', ''Bouchehr'', ''Buschir'' and ''Busehr''), also known as Bandar Bushehr ( fa, ; also romanised as ''Bandar Būshehr'' and ''Bandar-e Būshehr''), previously Antioc ...

provinces) in order to transfer

natural gas Natural gas (also called fossil gas or simply gas) is a naturally occurring mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons consisting primarily of methane in addition to various smaller amounts of other higher alkanes. Low levels of trace gases like carbo ...

to consumption centers across the country. As of 2008, there are five trunklines in operation, two under construction and two under planning.

History

IGAT1 was completed in October 1970, supplying gas to the

Southern Caucasus The South Caucasus, also known as Transcaucasia or the Transcaucasus, is a geographical region on the border of Eastern Europe and Western Asia, straddling the southern Caucasus Mountains. The South Caucasus roughly corresponds to modern Arme ...

republics of the Soviet Union. In 1975 the

National Iranian Gas Company The National Iranian Gas Company (NIGC) was established in 1965 as one of the four principal company, companies affiliated to the Ministry of Petroleum of Iran, Ministry of Petroleum of the Islamic Republic of Iran with 25,000 million Iranian ...

concluded agreements with

Ruhrgas Ruhrgas AG (original name: Aktiengesellschaft für Kohleverwertung; later: E.ON Ruhrgas) was the largest natural gas transportation and trading company based in Essen, Germany. The company was founded in 1926 and it finally ceased to exist on 2 May ...

Gaz de France Gaz de France (GDF) was a French company which produced, transported and sold natural gas around the world, especially in France, its main market. The company was also particularly active in Belgium, the United Kingdom, Germany, and other Europea ...

, the Soviet Union, and Austria's

OMV OMV (formerly abbreviation for Österreichische Mineralölverwaltung Aktiengesellschaft ('' en, Austrian Mineral Oil Administration Stock Company'')) is an Austrian multinational integrated oil, gas and petrochemical company which is headquart ...

, to supply gas to Western Europe via a proposed IGAT2. Under the arrangement, Iran was to supply additional gas to the Soviet Union, while the Soviet Union was to supply gas to Czechoslovakia from its own gas fields in Siberia. Construction of IGAT2 was halted following the

Iranian Revolution The Iranian Revolution ( fa, انقلاب ایران, Enqelâb-e Irân, ), also known as the Islamic Revolution ( fa, انقلاب اسلامی, Enqelâb-e Eslâmī), was a series of events that culminated in the overthrow of the Pahlavi dynas ...

Main transmission lines

* IGAT1, in diameter, was constructed between Bid Boland Refinery in

Khūzestān Province Khuzestan Province (also spelled Xuzestan; fa, استان خوزستان ''Ostān-e Xūzestān'') is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. It is in the southwest of the country, bordering Iraq and the Persian Gulf. Its capital is Ahvaz and it covers ...

and Astara in North. * IGAT2, in diameter, was constructed between fajr jam Refinery in Bushehr Province and

Qazvin Qazvin (; fa, قزوین, , also Romanized as ''Qazvīn'', ''Qazwin'', ''Kazvin'', ''Kasvin'', ''Caspin'', ''Casbin'', ''Casbeen'', or ''Ghazvin'') is the largest city and capital of the Province of Qazvin in Iran. Qazvin was a capital of the ...

in north. * IGAT3, in diameter, was constructed between

Asalouyeh Asalouyeh ( fa, عسلويه, also Romanized as 'Asalūyeh; also known as Asalu, and sometimes prefixed by bandar, meaning port) is a city and capital of Asaluyeh County, in Bushehr Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 4,746 ...

and Central Province and ultimately to north west of the country. * IGAT4, in diameter, transfers natural gas produced in South Pars phases 1 to 5 from Asalouyeh to Fars and

Isfahan Isfahan ( fa, اصفهان, Esfahân ), from its Achaemenid empire, ancient designation ''Aspadana'' and, later, ''Spahan'' in Sassanian Empire, middle Persian, rendered in English as ''Ispahan'', is a major city in the Greater Isfahan Regio ...

provinces. * IGAT5, in diameter, transfers sour gas produced in phases 6, 7 and 8 to Khūzestān Province to be injected into the oil wells. * IGAT6, in diameter, transfers natural gas produced in

South Pars The South Pars/North Dome field is a natural-gas condensate field located in the Persian Gulf. It is by far the world's largest natural gas field, IEA, World Energy Outlook 2008 - Chapter 12 - Natural gas resources and production prospects, p.298 ...

phases 6 to 10 from Asalouyeh to Khūzestān Province to be consumed there, in the west of the country, and in Iraq. See also: Iran-Iraq-Syria pipeline * IGAT7, in diameter, interconnects east of Asalouyeh to Hormozgān Province and Sar-Khoon Refinery and transfers natural gas produced in South Pars to Hormozgān,

Sistan Sistān ( fa, سیستان), known in ancient times as Sakastān ( fa, سَكاستان, "the land of the Saka"), is a historical and geographical region in present-day Eastern Iran ( Sistan and Baluchestan Province) and Southern Afghanistan (N ...

, Baluchestan and

Kermān Kerman ( fa, كرمان, Kermân ; also romanized as Kermun and Karmana), known in ancient times as the satrapy of Carmania, is the capital city of Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2011 census, its population was 821,394, in 221,389 households, mak ...

provinces. * IGAT8, in diameter, originates in east of Asalouyeh and passes by Parsian Refinery in Fars Province onto Isfahan Province and then to Qom Province. * IGAT9 (Europe Gas Export Line), in diameter, originates in east of Asalouyeh and passes by western provinces (Khūzestān, Īlām,

Kurdistan Kurdistan ( ku, کوردستان ,Kurdistan ; lit. "land of the Kurds") or Greater Kurdistan is a roughly defined geo-cultural territory in Western Asia wherein the Kurds form a prominent majority population and the Kurdish culture, Kurdish la ...

and

Azerbaijan Azerbaijan (, ; az, Azərbaycan ), officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, , also sometimes officially called the Azerbaijan Republic is a transcontinental country located at the boundary of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is a part of th ...

) and reaches Turkey's border.

References

External links

The Map of Iran's Natural Gas Network
{{Energy in Iran